Method and primary manifestation of mechanical equipment fault classification
2024-09-03
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There are different classification methods for mechanical equipment problems
1. Classify by the factors causing the onset of the illness
1) Deterioration problems: When mechanical equipment is put into use, over time, under the influence of various factors, parts will undergo irreversible changes such as wear, fatigue, corrosion, and changes in metal material arrangement. These changes will gradually reduce the functionality of the mechanical equipment over time, resulting in problems called deterioration problems or time-dependent problems?
2) Human error: Due to inadequate management systems, mechanical equipment is used in violation of operating procedures and protection and maintenance regulations, such as overloading and violating operating procedures. The resulting problems are called human error or misuse,
2. Classify according to the duration of the problem
1) Temporary illness: a condition where a cow loses some of its functions in a short period of time. After this kind of problem occurs, it is necessary to correct or replace the parts. As long as the affected area is chopped, its lost function can be restored.
2) Persistent decline: The loss of economic function continues until replacement or correction of the problem; Parts are necessary to restore the working ability of equipment.
3. Classification of speed based on fault diagnosis
I) Sudden malfunction: It is caused by various unfavorable factors of the equipment itself and occasional external factors. When the operating power exceeds the limit that the equipment can accept, the malfunction will quickly occur. The characteristic of this type of malfunction is that its occurrence time is independent of the change in the condition of the equipment and the time when the equipment has been used. It occurs suddenly without significant warning of the malfunction. Therefore, it cannot be predicted by preliminary experiments and tests, and is also known as unmonitored malfunction
2) Gradual disease: a condition caused by various aging processes, characterized by the timing of the onset of the disease being closely related to the operation of the equipment. The longer the device has been running, the higher the probability of experiencing malfunctions. This type of delay provides the possibility of fault monitoring, so it is often referred to as a detectable fault.
3) Classify by the nature of the problem
4. Functional problems: Equipment that cannot continue to perform its intended functions, such as malfunctioning internal combustion engines, oil pumps, reducers, etc., are often caused by damage or jamming of individual parts of the equipment
5. Parameter malfunction: The malfunction caused by the rule parameters of the equipment exceeding the allowed limit values. If the machining accuracy of the machine tool cannot meet the requirements of the rules; The decrease in transmission power cannot reach the standard level. Classify according to the harmfulness of the problem
6. Catastrophic defects: serious problems that occur in the safety protection devices of mechanical equipment, the braking devices of transmission systems, and other key components, resulting in damage to mechanical equipment or casualties.
7. General problems: do not constitute dangerous problems such as mechanical equipment damage or personnel injury. But such problems may still cause a decline in the functionality of mechanical equipment, affect its use, suspend production, or result in significant economic losses,
4) Classify based on whether the problem has occurred or not
3) Practical flaw: A malfunction of the equipment that has already occurred.
Potential faults: Possible faults that may occur in the equipment itself. In the production process, strict adherence to the application and repair procedures of mechanical equipment, and the adoption of useful fault diagnosis methods can prevent potential faults from developing into practical problems,,
2、 The primary problem mode of mechanical equipment
According to the mechanism of the onset of the problem, the primary mode of mechanical equipment malfunction is narrow selection, salt beer, etc